[0023] 下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
[0024] 本发明的含[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶环的腙类化合物(I)可以如下方法合成:
[0025] 将2,3-二氯吡啶(7.50mmol)溶解在乙醇(300mL)中,然后逐滴加入水合肼(30mmol)回流72 h,得到式(II)所示的3-氯-2-肼吡啶,式(II)所示的3-氯-2-肼吡啶(143mg, 1mmol)与草酸二乙酯(1mmol)在160℃下反应6h,反应完成后倒入碎冰中(40mL)形成沉淀后过滤,得到如式(Ⅲ)所示的化合物(Ⅲ)粗产物,该粗产物在乙醇中重结晶得到式(III)化合物,式(III)化合物(20mmol)与水合肼(30mmol) 在室温下反应24h得到式(IV)化合物,最后,将化合物(IV)和酮类或醛类化合物以1:1.3的摩尔比,在乙醇做溶剂下反应制得式(I)所示的目标产物化合物(I),该实施例中,所述的2,3-二氯吡啶,乙醇与水合肼的物质的量之比为1:0.8~1.2:3.0~5.0;化合物(Ⅱ)与草酸二乙酯物质的量之比为1:1.0~1.5;化合物(Ⅲ)与水合肼物质的量之比为1:1.5~2.0的上述限定范围内的任意投料比,都能得到相同的技术效果。
[0026] 实施例1~17,通过改变酮类和醛类化合物,具体的酮类和醛类化合物如表1所示,其它合成条件不改变。
[0027] 实施例1
[0028] 8-氯-N'-(1-苯亚乙基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体, 产率 95%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 2.51(s, 3H, CH3), 7.08(t, J=
7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 7.46(s, 3H, Ar), 7.56(d, J=7.5Hz, 1H, Py), 7.94(s, 2H, Ar),
+
9.38(d, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 10.35(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 314(M+1) . Elemental anal. For C15H12ClN5O (%), calculated: C, 57.42; H, 3.86; N, 22.32; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0029] 实施例2
[0030] 8-氯-N'-亚乙基-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色晶体,产率93%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 1.95(s, 3H, CH3), 7.24(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.82(d, J=7.3Hz, 1H, Py), 9.11(d, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 10.03(s, 1H, CH), 11.02(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 238(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C9H8ClN5O (%), calculated: C, 45.49; H, 3.39; N, 29.47; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N,
22.71。
[0031] 实施例3
[0032] 8-氯-N'-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼,黄白色固体,产率92%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 3.79(s, 3H, OCH3), 6.55(t, J=9.0Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.25(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.43(d, J=8.5Hz, 1H, Py),
7.83(d, J=7.3Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.74(s, 1H, Ar), 9.22(d, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 11.49(s,
1H, CH), 11.97(s, 1H, NH), 13.01(s, 1H, OH). MS (ESI), m/z: 346(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C15H12ClN5O3 (%), calculated: C, 52.11; H, 3.50; N, 20.26; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0033] 实施例4
[0034] 8-氯-N'-(2-羟基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率 97%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 6.92-6.96(m, 2H, Ar), 7.23-7.33(m, 2H, Ar), 7.54(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.82(s, 1H, CH), 8.28(d, J=7.3Hz,
1H, Py), 9.21(d, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 11.13 (s, 1H, NH), 13.10(s, 1H, OH). MS (ESI), m/z: 316(M+1)+. Elemental anal. For C14H10ClN5O2 (%), calculated: C,
53.26; H, 3.19; N, 22.18; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0035] 实施例5
[0036] 8-氯-N'-(3-硝基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率 94%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 7.28(m, 1H, Ar), 7.79-7.85(m, 2H, Ar), 8.17(m, 1H, Py), 8.31(m, 1H, Py), 8.58(s, 1H, CH), 8.75(s, 1H, Ar), 9.21(s, 1H, Py), 13.09(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 345(M+1)+. Elemental anal. For C14H9ClN6O3 (%), calculated: C, 48.78; H, 2.63; N, 24.38; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0037] 实施例6
[0038] 8-氯-N'-(5-氯-2-羟基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率92%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 6.98(d, J=8.7Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.28(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.35(d, J=8.5Hz, 1H, Py), 7.68(s, 1H, Ar), 7.93(d, J=7.4Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.82(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 11.05(s,
1H, NH), 13.16(s, 1H, OH). MS (ESI), m/z: 350(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C14H9Cl2N5O2 (%), calculated: C, 48.02; H, 2.59; Cl, 20.25; N, 20.00; found: C,
51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0039] 实施例7
[0040] 8-氯- N'-(5-溴-2-羟基苯亚甲基) -[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄变色固体,产率 91%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 6.92(d, J=8.7Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.27(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.45(d, J=8.5Hz, 1H, Py), 7.80(s, 1H, Ar), 7.84(d, J=7.4Hz, 1H, Ar), 8.82(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 11.10(s,
1H, NH), 13.15(s, 1H, OH). MS (ESI), m/z: 350(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C14H9Cl2N5O2 (%), calculated: C, 48.02; H, 2.59; Cl, 20.25; N, 20.00; found: C,
51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0041] 实施例8
[0042] 8-氯-N'-(1-(4-氟苯基)亚乙基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率 98%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 2.47(s, 3H, CH3), 7.05-7.13(m, 3H, Ar and Py), 7.54(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.90-7.93(m, 2H, Ar), 9.35(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 10.31(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 332(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C15H11ClFN5O (%), calculated: C, 54.31; H, 3.34; N, 21.11; found: C,
51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0043] 实施例9
[0044] 8-氯-N'-(4-(二乙氨基)-2-羟基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率90%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 1.18-1.25(m, 6H, 2CH3), 3.36-3.42(m, 4H, 2CH2), 6.62(m, 2H, Ar), 7.03-7.10(m, 2H, Py and Ar),
7.52(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 8.25(s, 1H, Ar), 8.45(s, 1H, CH), 9.34(d, J=7.1Hz,
+
1H, Py), 10.22(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 387(M+1) . Elemental anal. For C18H19ClN6O2 (%), calculated: C, 55.89; H, 4.95; N, 21.73; found: C, 51.65; H,
3.76; N, 22.71。
[0045] 实施例10
[0046] 8-氯-N'-(4-(二甲氨基)-2-羟基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率92%, m.p.280-281◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 2.99(s, 6H, 2CH3), 6.78(d, J=8.8Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.24(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.54(d, J=8.7Hz,
1H, Ar), 7.81(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 8.49(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py),
12.50(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 343(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C16H15ClN6O (%), calculated: C, 56.06; H, 4.41; N, 24.52; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N,
22.71。
[0047] 实施例11
[0048] 8-氯-N'-(呋喃-2-基亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率90%, m.p.278-279◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 6.93(d, 2H, Furan), 7.07(t, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 7.54-7.57(m, 2H, Py and Furan), 8.32(s, 1H, CH), 9.33(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 11.20(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 290(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C12H8ClN5O2 (%), calculated: C, 49.75; H, 2.78; N, 24.18; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0049] 实施例12
[0050] 8-氯-N'-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率94%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 3.96(s, 9H, 3OCH3), 7.04(s, 2H, Ar), 7.28(t, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 7.84(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 8.55(s,
1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 12.83(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 390(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C17H16ClN5O4 (%), calculated: C, 52.38; H, 4.14; N,
17.97; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0051] 实施例13
[0052] 8-氯-N'-(4-硝基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率96%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 7.27(t, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 7.72(t, J=7.8Hz, 1H, Py), 7.84-7.87(m, 2H, Ar), 8.10-8.17(m, 2H, Ar), 9.08(s,
1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.8Hz, 1H, Py), 12.21(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 345(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C14H9ClN6O3 (%), calculated: C, 48.78; H, 2.63; N,
24.38; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0053] 实施例14
[0054] 8-氯-N'-(2,4-二氯苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率98%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 7.27(t, J=7.0Hz, 1H, Py), 7.53(d, J=8.3Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.74(s, 1H, Ar), 7.85(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 8.03(d, J=8.5Hz, 1H, Ar), 9.05(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 12.13(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 369(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C17H16ClN5O4 (%), calculated: C, 45.62; H, 2.19; N, 19.00; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0055] 实施例15
[0056] 8-氯-N'-(2-甲基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率97%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 2.37(s, 3H, CH3), 7.24-7.28(m, 1H, Ar), 7.37(t, J=7.5Hz, 1H, Py), 7.53(d, J=7.5Hz, 1H, Ar), 7.57(s, 1H, Ar), 7.73(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.84(d, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 8.51(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 12.91(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 369(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C17H16ClN5O4 (%), calculated: C, 45.62; H, 2.19; N, 19.00; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0057] 实施例16
[0058] 8-氯-N'-(4-(三氟甲基)苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼黄白色固体,产率90%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 7.28(t, J=7.2Hz, 1H, Py), 7.82-7.85(m, 3H, Ar and Py), 7.97(d, J=8.0Hz, 2H, Ar) 8.72(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 13.02(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 369(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C15H9ClF3N5O (%), calculated: C, 48.99; H, 2.47; N, 19.05; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0059] 实施例17
[0060] 8-氯-N'-(4-甲基苯亚甲基)-[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶-3-碳酰肼,黄白色固体,产率95%, m.p.>300◦C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz), δ: 2.36(s, 3H, CH3), 6.68(t, J=7.5Hz, 1H, Py), 7.65(d, J=7.5Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.85(d, J=7.4Hz, 2H, Ar), 8.07(d, J=4.4Hz, 1H, Py), 8.51(s, 1H, CH), 9.21(d, J=6.9Hz, 1H, Py), 12.78(s, 1H, NH). MS (ESI), m/z: 369(M+1) +. Elemental anal. For C17H16ClN5O4 (%), calculated: C, 45.62; H, 2.19; N, 19.00; found: C, 51.65; H, 3.76; N, 22.71。
[0061] 实施例18 杀菌活性测试
[0062] 试验对象:番茄细菌性斑点病、黄瓜枯萎病、番茄灰霉病。
[0063] 试验方法:采用盆栽试验法。分别将黄瓜种子和番茄种子经过50℃浸泡后,催芽后播种于育苗钵中,待生长至2片真叶供试验。
[0064] 药剂准备:供试药,取药配成100 ppm,取实施例1-17种化合物各5 mg,加丙酮溶解后再加10 %吐温80,最后加水充分溶解。因100ppm为100 mg/L所以加水量=5 mg*1000/100 mg=50 ml,因有机溶剂最终含量≤1% 所以加丙酮的量=50 ml*1%=0.5 ml(溶解),因吐温最终含量为0.1% 所以50 ml水里应有吐温0.05 ml,即:应加10 %吐温0.05 ml。
[0065] 对照药剂:3%中生菌素WP→800倍液0.01 g药+8 ml水;75%甲基托布津WP→1000倍液0.01 g药+15 ml水;50%嘧菌环胺水分散粒剂→1000倍液0.01 g药+15ml水。
[0066] 施药方法:番茄细菌性斑点病和番茄灰霉病实验中,番茄苗长出两片复叶时,用喷壶将供试药剂与对照药剂均匀喷施在供试植株上。黄瓜枯萎病实验中,将黄瓜种子浸泡于各要处理2h后进行接种处理。
[0067] 接种方法:
[0068] 番茄细菌性斑点病采用菌悬液喷雾法接种:将培养好的番茄细菌性斑点病菌兑蒸馏水稀释成3×107cfu/ml菌悬液,用喷壶喷雾接种。接种后保湿培养。
[0069] 番茄灰霉病采用打菌丝接种法接种:通过纱布过滤把液体培养基和菌块分开,用粉碎仪把带有少量液体的培养基的菌块打碎,再用过滤好的液体培养基与打碎的菌块混合配成一定浓度的溶液,并用分光光度计测定溶液透光率(λ=630 nm,OD=9.8)。
[0070] 黄瓜枯萎病采用培根浸种法接种:将在PD培养基中培养好的黄瓜枯萎病菌用纱布过滤菌丝,调节孢子浓度到1×106 cfu/ml浸泡种子。
[0071] 待清水充分发病后进行病情调查,并计算病情指数和防治效果。
[0072] 杀菌活性测试试验结果如表1所示。
[0073] 表1 100ppm下各化合物的杀菌活性(%防效)
[0074]
[0075]
[0076] 从上表1 杀菌活性结果表明,与对照药剂中生菌素、甲基托布津和嘧菌环胺相比,本发明的制得的含[1,2,4]三唑[4,3-a]吡啶环的腙类化合物(I)对番茄细菌性斑点病、黄瓜枯萎病及番茄灰霉病都有优异的杀菌效果,其使用范围更广,药效更明显,适于推广应用。